HomeMy WebLinkAboutcfjl-report-july-23,-2026-
Care First, Jails Last Implementation Report
Behavioral Health Advisory Board Report to
Alameda County Board of Supervisors Joint Health and
Public Protection Committees
July 23, 2026
2 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Table of Contents
Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................3
Glossary of Acronyms ..................................................................................................................4
Purpose of Care First, Jails Last Work .......................................................................................6
Scope of Recommendations .....................................................................................................6
Funding ......................................................................................................................................6
Care First Implementation Director .............................................................................................7
Monitoring to Date: The BHAB CFJL Ad Hoc Committee .........................................................8
Implementation & Monitoring Report ..........................................................................................9
Overview: How Are We Doing? .................................................................................................9
Implementation Status of Selected Recommendations ................................................... 11
Increase the Number of Full Service Partnerships to Meet Need (Rec. 2A) .................. 12
First Episode Psychosis (Rec. 3L).................................................................................... 12
Expand Pre-Trial Services (Rec. 5) .................................................................................. 14
Court-based Diversion (Rec. 5C) ..................................................................................... 14
Incompetent to Stand Trial (IST) Diversion (Rec. 5D) ..................................................... 16
Transparent Reporting on Funds, including Babu Funds (Rec. 6A) ................................ 17
Reallocate Funds Allocated to the Mental Health Unit in Jail to Permanent Supportive
Housing (Rec. 6C) ............................................................................................................ 18
Expand Deep Housing Subsidies to Residents with Justice-Involvement and SMI/SUD
(Recs. 7E and 7F) ............................................................................................................ 19
Build and Support Licensed Board & Care Facilities (Rec. 7I) ........................................ 21
Fund a Gap Analysis of Existing Mental Health Needs and Service Gap (Rec. 8B)....... 23
Family Involvement Programs (Recs. 9A, 9B and 9C) .................................................... 24
Monitor Utilization and Efficacy of the Expansion of Treatment Beds ................................... 25
Data Needs for the Care First, Jails Last Process ................................................................. 25
Updates on Other Care First Recommendations .................................................................... 26
African American Wellness Hub (Recs. 1A and 1B) ........................................................ 26
Independent Living Association (Rec. 7H) ....................................................................... 28
Care First, Jails Last BHAB Ad Hoc Committee Members .................................................... 29
Sources ........................................................................................................................................ 30
3 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Executive Summary
The Alameda County Behavioral Health Advisory Board (BHAB) Care First, Jails Last
Ad Hoc Subcommittee is pleased to provide this implementation report to the Board of
Supervisors Joint Health and Public Protection Committees. In 2021, Alameda County
adopted the Care First, Jails Last policy resolution to “Reduce the number of people
with mental illness, substance use and co-occurring disorders in our jail,” by developing
“a continuum of care that includes a full spectrum of treatment and housing, including
preventive and outpatient services, inpatient acute and subacute facilities, licensed
board and care homes, and other wraparound support services.”
In 2024, the Board of Supervisors adopted 58 recommendations delivered by a task
force made up of county agency representatives, impacted families, and caregivers, and
assigned monitoring the implementation of these recommendations to the BHAB, then
known as the Mental Health Advisory Board. The Board created an Ad Hoc
Subcommittee, which meets monthly and has reported to the Joint Health and Public
Protection Committees in May 2025 and October 2025.
As indicated in this report, the BHAB has found that the number of seriously mentally ill
individuals incarcerated at the jail is actually increasing, as the County continues to
under-invest in community-based treatment programs. This burden falls most heavily on
the County’s African American community. The BHAB focuses on 14 recommendations
that we believe are important for addressing these problems and offer actions the
County can take to implement them. We also provide updates in several key areas,
including the African American Wellness Hub and the Independent Living Association.
The biggest threat to achieving CFJL goals is not the lack of political will or insufficient
funding – it is the fragmented nature of county government. A key request to the Board
of Supervisors, therefore, is to establish a high-level “Care First Implementation
Director” to ensure unified execution of approved Care First recommendations.
The BHAB’s report poses questions about several windows that appear to be closing for
financial reasons: funding needs of the successful Pre-Trial Services Program (Rec 5B),
a state grant for residential treatment beds that the County is declining (see Rec 5D),
and an ongoing wave of licensed board & care closures (Rec 7I). For similar reasons,
the heavily enrolled Mental Health Diversion Court (Rec 5D) lacks clinicians.
A theme in the report is the savings– in health and financial terms– represented by early
and first-episode psychosis treatment, court-based diversion, and housing compared to
untreated mental illness, hospitalization and incarceration. Many of these investments
are linked: successful diversion requires availability of an appropriate level of treatment
4 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
beds, while subacute beds are often full because licensed board & cares are not
available. All require budget transparency (Rec 6A) and coordination (see above).
Several of the needs for action call for assessing unmet needs for crisis residential
treatment, licensed board & cares, and acute and subacute treatment beds, and for
renewing a contract to analyze jail data for opportunities that serve both Care First and
Reimagining Adult Justice goals.
We appreciate your consideration of this report and our requests for action.
Glossary of Acronyms
ACH Alameda County Health
AFBH Adult Forensic Behavioral Health
BHAB Behavioral Health Advisory Board
BHCIP Behavioral Health Continuum Infrastructure Program
BHD Behavioral Health Department
BOSS Building Opportunities for Self-Sufficiency
CalAIM California Advancing and Innovating Medicaid
CAO County Administrator’s Office
CCE Community Care Expansion
CCP Community Corrections Partnership
CFJL Care First, Jails Last
CIP Capital Improvement Projects
5 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
CSC Coordinated Specialty Care
EASS Early Access and Stabilization Services
FEP First Episode Psychosis
FERC Family Education Resource Center
FSP Full Service Partnership
H&H Housing and Homelessness
IST Incompetent to Stand Trial
LOC Level of Care
LB&C Licensed Board and Care
MHD Mental Health Diversion
PSA Public Safety Assessment
RAJ Reimagine Adult Justice
SHCLA Supportive Housing Community Land Alliance
SMI Serious Mental Illness
SUD Substance Use Disorder
UB&C Unlicensed Board and Care
6 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Purpose of Care First, Jails Last Work
Community-Based Care for People with Mental Illness
Every day, hundreds of people experiencing mental illness and/or substance use disorders are
incarcerated in Santa Rita Jail or live in the community without treatment or housing. Even as
the overall population in Santa Rita Jail continues to decline, the number of people in jail
needing the highest levels of mental health care has risen or remained the same, depending on
measurement. In addition, an estimated 34.8% of homeless people in the county reported a
serious mental illness in the most recent Point In Time count; another 28.5% reported a
substance use disorder.
In May 2021, the Alameda County Board of Supervisors adopted a policy resolution to “Reduce
the number of people with mental illness, substance use and co-occurring disorders in our jail,”
by developing “a continuum of care that includes a full spectrum of treatment and housing,
including preventive and outpatient services, inpatient acute and subacute facilities, licensed
board and care homes, and other wraparound support services so that people with mental
illness, substance use, and co-occurring disorders have a full opportunity to receive and live
stable lives.”
Along with this policy resolution, the Board established a Care First, Jails Last Task Force, with
representation from nine county agencies, behavioral health service providers, and community
members with lived experience and expertise, to deliberate and produce recommendations for
actions needed to realize the goals of the Care First policy. The Task Force was chaired by the
Behavioral Health Director and worked from 2022 to 2024. In June 2024 the Task Force
submitted a report to the Board, with 58 recommendations, which the Board unanimously
approved in August 2024.
At that time, the Board delegated continued planning and implementation to the Behavioral
Health Advisory Board (BHAB), with updates to the Board of Supervisors three times a year
(twice to joint Public Protection and Health Committee meetings and once to the full Board).
To fulfill this monitoring responsibility, the BHAB created the Care First, Jails Last Ad Hoc
Committee composed of BHAB members, members of the Care First, Jails Last Task Force,
and community members with lived experience and expertise. The Ad Hoc Committee
previously reported to the Joint Health and Public Protection Committee in May 2025. This
report is offered along with the verbal presentation to the Joint Health and Public Protection
Committee meeting on July 23, 2026.
Scope of Recommendations
The Care First recommendations focus on systems change and provide a roadmap to transform
the system of services aimed at preventing individuals with mental illness, substance use
disorder, or co-occurring disorders from entering the jail system in Alameda County. They
7 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
encompass all the points of intervention, from Prevention, Early Intervention and Community
Services, to Hospitals, Crisis Care, and Initial Detention, to Courts, Reentry and Community
Corrections.
As set forth in the Care First Report submitted to the Board in June 2024, the Care First
recommendations are grouped into nine strategy areas:
1. African American Resource Center
2. Collaboration & Case Management
3. Community-Based Support, Outreach, & Education
4. Crisis Services & Treatment Beds
5. Diversion
6. Funding & Financial Transparency
7. Housing & Residential Facilities
8. Staff Training & Professional Development
9. Family Support
Since Care First recommendations are now County policy, the Behavioral Health Advisory
Board and this report focus on implementation - on how these recommendations become
reality.
Funding
There are opportunities for funding a Care First, Jails Last system in Alameda County, from
local, state, and even federal sources. The BHAB Care First Ad Hoc Committee highlights two
sources that are timely and salient, but these should not be viewed as the only potential sources
of funding.
Measure W
The BHAB observes that there are large areas of alignment between investments in permanent
supportive housing, deep housing subsidies, and Board & Cares recommended in the Care First
report and housing investments recommended by County staff for the use of Measure W funds.
The availability of Measure W funds presents an unprecedented opportunity to help meet the
housing needs of people with serious mental illness, substance use disorders, or justice
involvement who might otherwise be incarcerated in the County.
CalAIM
California’s implementation of the California Advancing and Innovating MediCal (CalAIM) also
provides much-needed funding opportunities. CalAIM is a game-changing opportunity to
improve behavioral health outcomes for justice-involved individuals. CalAIM specifically includes
in its “mandatory populations of focus” individuals transitioning from incarceration who have
significant behavioral health needs. Under CalAIM, for the first time, counties can access federal
Medicaid matching funds for care coordination services provided in jail within 90 days prior to
release. This so-called “90-day jail in-reach” service provides reimbursement for re-entry case
management, including Initial Care Needs Assessments; transition plans for post-release
8 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
community-based care; and screening and referrals to community-based services and
appointments after release. As noted by then-U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services,
Xavier Becerra, “this is the first time in history Medicaid will be providing coverage to justice-
involved individuals before they are released.”
Care First Implementation Director
Establish a High-Level “Care First Implementation Director” to Ensure Unified Execution
of Approved Care First Recommendations
The biggest threat to achieving CFJL goals is not the lack of political will or insufficient funding –
it is the fragmented nature of county government.
The Care First Advisory Board identified the establishment of a high-level Care First
Implementation Director as a critical strategy for ensuring coordinated execution of the County's
Care First vision. While Alameda County has demonstrated strong political commitment to Care
First through the adoption of the Care First Resolution and the subsequent approval of 58
recommendations across nine strategic areas, implementation efforts continue to face
challenges stemming from the fragmented nature of county government. Advancing a
continuum of care requires coordination across multiple departments and systems that often
operate independently, creating barriers to consistent implementation and cross-system
alignment.
The Advisory Board noted that no single agency or executive currently has the authority to
oversee countywide implementation, standardize data collection and reporting practices,
facilitate information sharing, or align funding priorities across departments. As a result, the
County faces ongoing risks of fragmented programming, operational redundancies, and
inefficient use of resources. To address these challenges, the Advisory Board recommends
the creation of a Care First Implementation Director position, potentially embedded
within the County Administrator's Office, to serve as a centralized leader responsible for
coordinating interagency collaboration, managing cross-system data efforts, monitoring
compliance, and overseeing implementation of the Care First recommendations.
Monitoring to Date: The BHAB CFJL Ad Hoc
Committee
The BHAB (then called Mental Health Advisory Board) Care First, Jails Last Ad Hoc Committee
began convening in Fall 2024 and meets monthly. These meetings are hosted by the Alameda
County Behavioral Health Department and are now facilitated by Indigo Project.
For the purpose of monitoring all 58 recommendations from the Care First, Jails Last report, the
Ad hoc Committee established agency-specific subcommittees. These subcommittees are
made up of members of the Ad hoc Committee and other interested community members. The
9 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
BHAB reached out to all county agencies on behalf of the Ad Hoc Committee to establish
contact and request that a liaison be assigned to meet with and update the subcommittee
members on implementation progress.
In addition, the BHAB CFJL Ad Hoc Committee established a Data Subcommittee to identify
and monitor data points that reflect progress in achieving the CFJL mission. The subcommittee
is focusing on data points that are currently collected by County departments and agencies.
Challenges remain. For this report, the ad hoc committee selected several recommendations
that seem timely because they relate to one-time funding opportunities, might rescue promising
programs that are in trouble at the moment, are potentially transformative, and/or exemplify
basic, long-standing difficulties in reforming the system. The status of these recommendations
and requests for Board action to facilitate implementation make up the body of this report.
Implementation & Monitoring Report
Overview: How Are We Doing?
One way to monitor whether the county is successfully implementing Care First
recommendations and realizing the Care First goals is to measure the size of the mentally ill
population at Santa Rita Jail and track it over time to see if it is decreasing.
The number of seriously mentally ill individuals incarcerated at the jail is increasing. Alameda
County continues to under-invest in the kinds of community-based treatment programs that
have a proven track record of keeping people living with mental illness and/or substance abuse
out of jail.
Starting in 2023, Adult Forensic Behavioral Health (AFBH), the behavioral health unit in the jail,
began assessing all inmates and designating a “Level of Care” (LOC) number from 1 to 4 to
reflect a person’s acuity level and ability to function within a correctional setting (4 being the
most acute). Last year we reported that, from July 2023 through April 2025, the numbers of
incarcerated individuals at the jail within each LOC had remained almost the same.
We now update this metric, finding that, even though the average daily population at the jail has
decreased 15% since May 2025, the size of the mentally ill population in the jail has remained
about the same. In fact, the number of incarcerated individuals with an LOC of 2, 3, or 4 (the
most gravely ill inmates who are all housed in Therapeutic Housing Units at the jail for
appropriate mental health treatment) has averaged 365 for the last three years. That number is -
still - greater than the sum total of all people in Alameda County who on any given day are
receiving mental health treatment at John George Hospital, Villa Fairmont and Gladman
Rehabilitation Centers, and all of the Crisis Residential Treatment Centers combined. Moreover,
LOC numbers may not tell the full story, as the number of incarcerated people determined by
AFBH to be “seriously mentally ill” continues to climb (see Figure 2).
10 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Figure 1: Change in Levels of BH Care in Santa Rita Jail, 2025-2026
May 2025 May 2026 Increase/Decrease
Jail Population 1439 1254 (-13%) - 13%
Level of Care (LOC) 1 552 522 - 5%
Level of Care (LOC) 2 215 261 + 21%
Level of Care (LOC) 3 107 80 - 25%
Level of Care (LOC) 4 28 18 - 35%
Level of Care (LOC) 2-4 350 359 + 2%
“SMI”* 76 106 + 39%
* “‘SMI’ reflects that AFBH has determined that a client (any client LOC 1-4) has a qualifying
SMI mental health diagnosis.”
Figure 2: Serious Mental Illness at Santa Rita Jail
Source: Santa Rita Jail Weekly Update (see: https://www.alamedacountysheriff.org/about-us/public-documents/-
folder-96)
The incarceration of people with significant behavioral health needs does not impact everyone
equally. As of November 2025, the population in Santa Rita Jail overall was 33% African
American / Black, in a county with a 9.8% Black population. (see Figure 3) Thirty-three percent
is likely an underestimate, since 37% of the jail population was classified as “Bi/multi racial or
unknown” (7.3% of the county’s population is multi-racial.) This reality weighs especially heavily
as Alameda County commits to reparations to its African American community that is historically
impacted by actions and structures of racism.
11 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Figure 3: Racial/ethnic composition of AFBH population
Source: AFBH Update presented to BOS Public Protection Committee on November 20, 2025
While the BHAB is committed to measuring implementation of other objectives, this data on
people with serious mental illness in Santa Rita Jail demonstrates how much more needs to be
done to achieve the Care First, Jails Last goals.
Implementation Status of Selected Recommendations
Recommendations with Requests for Board Action
● 2A: Full-Service Partnerships
● 3L: First Episode Psychosis Program
● 5B: Pretrial Release Services
● 5C: Court-Based Diversion
● 5D: IST Diversion
● 6A: Transparent Public Reporting on Funds
● 6C: Reallocate Santa Rita Jail MH Program Services Unit funds to
permanent supportive housing
● 7E & 7F: Deep Housing Subsidies
● 7I: Licensed Board and Care Facilities
● 8B: Fund gap analysis to understand existing MH needs & service gaps
● 9A / 9B / 9C: Family Involvement Programs
● Care First Data Needs
Updates on Other Care First Recommendations
● 1A & 1B: African American Wellness Hub
● 7H: Independent Living Association
12 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Increase the Number of Full-Service Partnerships (“FSPs”) to Meet
the Needs of Alameda County (Rec. 2A)
Context:
There is broad agreement that Full Service Partnerships (FSPs) with “Assertive Community
Treatment Fidelity” lead to successful outcomes. FSPs represent the highest level of outpatient
mental health services provided in the community, intended to take a “whatever it takes”
approach to supporting people with a high level of behavioral health needs, in order to reduce
risks of hospitalization, incarceration, and homelessness. It is estimated that each FSP slot in
Alameda County costs from $24,000 to $40,000 per year.
Progress:
In 2024, the Behavioral Health Department commissioned the Indigo Project to assess Full
Service Partnerships in the County, as mandated by Alameda County’s settlement with
Disability Rights California and the U.S. Department of Justice. The assessment, published in
July 2025, concluded that Alameda County needs 1,400 FSP slots to meet the county’s total
capacity needs. Last year, the County had 1,100 FSP slots, costing between $24,000 and
$40,000 each per year.
However, according to a communication from ACBH to BHAB, the Behavioral Health
Department will fund just 1,155 FSP slots for people 16 years of age and older in Fiscal Year
2026-2027.
Request for Board Action:
● Fund the additional FSP slots that are necessary to fulfill the unmet need. The estimated
cost of these slots for 245 people is roughly $5.9 million to $9.8 million.
● Increase utilization rates. The County should determine whether all FSP slots are filled,
and if not, why not.
First Episode Psychosis (Rec. 3L)
Context:
Without prompt treatment, people living with schizophrenia are at risk for suffering a lifetime of
disability. In Alameda County one quarter of our homeless population suffers from severe
mental illness, many with schizophrenia. Although schizophrenia is treatable, appropriate
treatment is rarely provided, and too many stricken with this illness end up on the streets or
behind bars.
Unlike other serious mental illnesses, schizophrenia requires immediate treatment. Here, the
most important predictor of success is the duration of untreated psychosis. The sooner
treatment is begun the greater the chance of a successful recovery. For that reason, it is critical
that people experiencing acute symptoms of psychosis for the first time receive appropriate
treatment as soon as possible.
Schizophrenia is a brain disease, and the symptoms themselves are traumatic. Voices torment
the sufferer, putting into words their worst fears. “Your mother’s going to die”; “You’re a pervert,
13 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
you should hang yourself.” Thoughts become illogical, disordered, incoherent. Untreated, the
condition is disabling, leaving the sufferer excluded from basic social participation and often
unable to keep housing or even to abide by standard norms of behavior. Homelessness and
incarceration are all too common.
The first episode of schizophrenia and related psychosis tends to occur in young adults. There
is an evidence-based, standard of care for treatment of first episode psychosis (FEP) called
Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC). This is a team based, person-centered approach offering
case management, recovery-oriented psychotherapy, medication management, family support
and education, and supported education and employment.
Alameda County provides such care through the Felton Institute. Felton runs two integrated
CSC-FEP programs serving TAY-aged youth who have Alameda County Medi-Cal or are Medi-
Cal eligible. The re(Mind) program specializes in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, the BEAM
program in bipolar and other mood disorders.
It is a credit to our county that we offer this critical specialty care. However, by all estimates, the
need greatly exceeds current treatment capacity. To cope with psychosis, we spend vast sums
on hospitals, homeless services, justice-system interactions, incarceration, and income lost to
both affected persons and family caregivers. In California, this amounts to approximately
$124,000 per year per person in disease-related costs, according to a recently published study.
To provide effective care for all who need it is not only the right thing to do, it is the fiscally
conservative course of action.
Progress:
● Felton’s CSC-FEP program is contracted to serve 100 clients and is on track to reach
that goal. This reverses years of failure to meet enrollment expectations.
● Increasing the age limit to 30 years of age is under consideration. The current restriction
to TAY-aged youth (15-24) misses the many young adults (disproportionately female)
who experience first onset of psychosis later in their twenties.
● Felton’s program participates in a statewide network of early psychosis intervention
programs and is periodically reviewed for fidelity to the coordinated specialty care (CSC)
model. A 2025 review of the program noted low enrollment numbers (34 clients enrolled
for more than 1 year) but found good fidelity overall.
Obstacles:
● Lack of public awareness of the symptoms of first episode symptoms and the benefits of
early treatment.
● Limited awareness of the CSC-FEP program among providers, family members, and the
public at large.
● The Program’s location in Alameda city may limit participation.
Request for Board Action:
● Require an accurate assessment of unmet need and expand programs accordingly.
● Expand outreach and the public information campaign.
14 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Expand Pretrial Release Services (Rec. 5B)
Context: Recommendation 5B promotes opportunities for safe, fair, and effective pretrial
release from Santa Rita Jail. It aligns closely with the Reimagine Adult Justice (RAJ) initiative,
Element 5.
Progress:
1. Alameda County currently uses the Public Safety Assessment (PSA) to assign a risk
level (high, medium, or low) to the likelihood of a defendant failing to appear or being re-
arrested during the pretrial period. Later in 2026, the Judicial Council of California is
expected to release a validation study of the PSA, which can be expected to inform and
propel a broader study of PSA outcomes, as recommended in RAJ and CFJL reports.
2. February 2026 marked the start of the Pretrial Expansion Program (a.k.a. Pretrial
Case-Management Program) – a CCP-funded collaboration between Probation, Court,
and Building Opportunities for Self-Sufficiency (BOSS). The program targets people on
pretrial own-recognizance release (i.e., not supervised by Probation) who without
needed resources would be at moderate-to-high risk of recidivating. Participating
individuals enter the program by order or recommendation of the pretrial judge.
Following needs assessment by program case managers, they are connected to needed
resources like stable housing and treatment programs for MI or SUD. In its four first
months of operation, the program served over 500 individuals and documented reduced
recidivism in the population served.
Obstacles:
The Pretrial Expansion Program received CCP funding for one year only. Despite promising
early results, the Probation Department - responsible for procuring funds and the contract to
BOSS - has not yet announced plans to sustain the program beyond the December 2026
expiration date.
Request for Board Action:
1. Without delay, require the Probation Department to provide a program update and plan
going forward.
2. Ensure that this needed and cost-effective program is fully funded to serve the rapidly
growing pretrial population (estimated cost $8.5 million), according to Court
representative communication to the Care First Ad Hoc Committee.
Court-based Diversion (Rec. 5C)
Context:
Recommendation 5C addresses the County’s court-based diversion programs (a.k.a. treatment
courts) calling for:
● Performance and outcome data; independent evaluation
● Increased capacity to divert individuals with co-occurring mental illness and SUD
● Lowest possible barriers to treatment engagement and court attendance
15 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
● Timely in-custody assessments and referrals to diversion courts
● Creation of a family liaison role
Progress:
1. Alameda County’s Mental Health Diversion (MHD) Court is governed by state law that since
2018 has expanded the definition of who qualifies for pre-plea treatment diversion. This court is
a gateway to diversion for defendants with a wide range of charged offenses and a broad array
of behavioral health diagnoses, including co-occurring MI and SUD. Defendants who do not
meet the more restrictive qualifications of Behavioral Health Court or Felony Drug Court
may still have the opportunity of entering treatment diversion through MHD court.
Reflecting this, MHD Court has a large and growing calendar; from October 2025 to June 2026,
the estimated number of participants in MHD court has grown from 220 to over 350, according
to a communication from Judge Elisa Della-Piana to the Care First Ad Hoc Committee. By
comparison, the Behavioral Health Court has 30 to 40 participants.
2. Alameda Co. Superior Court also operates seven treatment courts through its Office of
Collaborative Courts, all serving people with SUD or co-occurring SUD and mental illness.
These courts win high praise for their effective and efficient operating model. The 18-person
staff, including 4 Telecare-based clinicians, is shared across the seven courts. The Office of
Collaborative Courts is moving forward with several data-reporting and family-engagement
strategies, including a family liaison position.
Obstacles:
1. Mental Health Diversion (MHD) Court, our most heavily enrolled treatment court,
remains the only one to operate without even a single clinician assigned to the court
from BHD or a community-based provider. Its reliance on social workers in the Public
Defender’s Holistic Defence Program, along with expert psychiatric consultants, invites
inefficiencies, delays, and backlogs, which can mean more jail time for defendants awaiting
acceptance to a treatment program, and longer times between progress hearings.
2. The Collaborative Court Program – the county’s main diversionary pathway for substance-use
disorders --- faces serious financial challenges in coming years due to cuts in long-standing
federal grants. Estimates are that between October 2026 and October 2029, it will lose an
estimated $8 million in federal grant opportunities. With an annual budget of $3.5 million, they
project a shortfall of $200,000 in the coming year.
Request for Board Action:
The Behavioral Health Department has not yet produced a plan that addresses the urgent need
for assigned clinicians in MHD. The Board should require such a plan without further delay (See
Funding Needs 1-2, below).
Funding Need:
1. For Mental Health Diversion Court, two or more assigned, licensed clinicians, based in
Telecare or other community-based organization, and 2 social workers funded through the
Public Defender’s Office
16 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
2. For the Collaborative Court Program, $200,000 sustainability funding in FY 2026-27.
Incompetent to Stand Trial (IST) Diversion (Rec. 5D)
Context:
Recommendation 5D calls for the expansion of diversion opportunities for individuals found
Incompetent to Stand Trial (IST), with a focus on reducing reliance on competency restoration
pathways and increasing access to community-based treatment and supportive services. The
recommendation emphasizes the development of a permanent diversion infrastructure capable
of serving individuals with significant behavioral health needs in the least restrictive setting
possible.
Progress:
1. Alameda County has continued to advance its IST diversion efforts through the transition
from a pilot program to a permanent diversion model. Stakeholders reported growing
recognition that diversion is often a more effective and clinically appropriate intervention
than competency restoration for many individuals with serious mental illness and co-
occurring behavioral health needs.
2. The County has expanded service capacity through the implementation of the Early
Access and Stabilization Services (EASS) program within the jail, which aims to identify,
stabilize, and connect eligible individuals to diversion opportunities and treatment
services earlier in the criminal legal process.
3. Significant investments from BHCIP have been secured to support long-term
implementation of residential treatment on Depot Road and other sites.
4. Additional funding - a $5 million award from DSH - has been secured to support ongoing
operation of the permanent IST Diversion Program. DSH also awarded the County $8.25
million for building up to 88 residential forensic beds for IST individuals (but see below).
17 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Obstacles:
1. Stakeholders have not yet finalized the contract governing the permanent IST Diversion
Program. The lack of a finalized agreement has delayed full implementation and created
uncertainty regarding program operations and long-term sustainability.
2. BHAB recently learned that the Behavioral Health Department chose to decline a 2024,
$8.25 million grant from the Department of State Hospitals (DSH) to develop 88
residential treatment beds for the IST population. The lack of transparency and
questionable logic around this decision adds to concerns about the viability of the
permanent IST Diversion Program.
3. While BHCIP funding has been awarded for residential treatment infrastructure, the
County has not yet established a clear plan for the sustained operation - the County
committed to 30 years - of the 83 residential treatment beds at Depot Road that are
necessary to support diversion efforts at scale.
Request for Board Action:
The Board should require clarification on outstanding barriers to making the permanent IST
Diversion Program operational:
● Determine the timeline for the creation of the residential treatment beds at Depot Road.
● Determine why the permanent IST Diversion Program contract has yet to be finalized.
Transparent Reporting on Funds, including Babu funds (Rec. 6A)
Make Care First program costs, Babu settlement costs, unspent funds publicly
visible
Recommendation 6C calls on the County Administrator’s Office (CAO) to publish financial
information every six months on programs that serve the Care First population, including
realignment and Cal-AIM funds, reporting on unspent and reserve funds, and costs for the Babu
settlement, which required the County to hire 438 additional staff in Santa Rita Jail, at an annual
cost of $106 million in 2020 dollars. Transparent information about the availability and use of
funds, and the constraints on those funds, is critical for the Board of Supervisors to make sound
decisions regarding CFJL goals.
This recommendation states that:
“The County Administrator’s Office (CAO) must transparently report the funds that are
available, earmarked, budgeted, and allocated to support the Care First population and make
this information publicly viewable on a website. This information includes:
● For all reporting: the funding source, amount of allocation, intention for funds, and
agency receiving the funding.
● Realignment/Reentry funding that comes from and/or goes into general funds, reserves,
or other pots of funding.
● Tracking of CalAIM funds including PATH and other reimbursements.
● Funding available for reinvestment and cost savings, funding which must remain within
18 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
the CareFirst population.
● Unspent funds and funding balances in reported accounts.
● Unspent funds in Santa Rita Jail for County and contractor staff, including agency
allocations, overtime, and unfilled staff positions.
● Funding allocated to address the Babu settlement.”
The BHAB Care First Ad Hoc Committee has met with the CAO four times since we last
reported to the Board of Supervisors in May 2025. In these meetings, CAO staff provided the Ad
Hoc with some of the information identified in this recommendation, specifically unspent funds in
Santa Rita Jail and Auditor calculations of year-end fund balances, as well as county policies for
use of unspent fund balances (but not the balances themselves).
In September 2025, the CAO provided detailed data on Sheriff’s Office staffing costs in the jail
as a result of the Babu consent decree, showing 290 funded vacant sheriff positions in Santa
Rita Jail. The CAO’s data also showed that the Sheriff’s Office spent $223 million in jail
personnel costs last year (including $51 million in overtime), out of an approved jail personnel
budget of $264.9 million, leaving a balance of approved vs. actual expenditures of nearly $42
million.
The CAO did not provide comparable information on ACBH jail personnel costs related to the
Babu settlement. However, according to a Babu expert report last November, there were an
additional 74 funded vacant clinical county (AFBH) positions in Santa Rita. At the same time,
the Santa Rita Jail population in 2026 has been less than half the jail population on which the
jail staff provision of the Babu settlement was based.
Recommendation 6A would require determining what funds are allocated or spent on “the Care
First population.” The Care First Ad Hoc Committee proposed a definition of “the Care First
population” for the CAO to be able to identify relevant programs and spending units; however,
the CAO has not advanced in reporting on such funds.
The CAO also shared with the Care First Ad Hoc policies for deciding how unspent funds may
be used and existing sources of information on fund balances, particularly in the Auditor’s
Annual Comprehensive Financial Report. However, the CAO has not yet publicly posted any of
the information shared with the Care First Ad Hoc. Nor has it shared information on realignment,
reentry, CalAIM, or PATH funds received or expended.
Request for Board Action:
Direct the CAO to continue to work with the BHAB to fully implement this recommendation,
including public posting of the relevant information. There is no known additional funding
needed for the CAO to provide and publish the information called for by this recommendation.
Reallocate the $26.6 million allocated to the Mental Health Program
Services Unit in the jail to permanent supportive housing (Rec. 6C)
In 2024, the County suspended plans to build a Mental Health Program Services Unit (MHPSU)
at Santa Rita Jail, which was to address a need for private spaces for mental health treatment
19 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
and cost the county an estimated $26.6 million. The Care First, Jails Last Task Force
recommended that these funds be dedicated to permanent supportive housing and other critical
interventions that provide care and housing to people at the intersection of poverty, justice
involvement, and serious behavioral health issues. The County is in a housing emergency that
disproportionately impacts poor people with SMI and SUD.
The Ad Hoc has not been able to determine why the county has not implemented this
recommendation. According to the CAO, these funds remained unearmarked in the Capital
Improvement Projects (CIP) fund. The CAO stated in March 2026:
The funds initially allocated to the Mental Health Program and Services Unit were held in the
Capital Financing Plan Designation / Capital Construction Fund (see p.25 & 89 of the FY24-
28 CIP), which is the general designation for CIP projects. After the MHPSU project was
paused, the $27M remained in the designation. The County funded other projects at SRJ to
move toward compliance with the Babu Consent Decree (as listed on p.34 & 141 on the
FY25-29 CIP), such as the [Sheriff’s Office] & BHCS Staff Space and Treatment Area and
the Outdoor Reconfiguration.
The $27M is part of the general balance of the designation, not differentiated from the rest of
the balance of the designation, so it’s not possible to say what those specific dollars were
utilized for. However, by comparing the pages noted of the two CIP plans, it is possible to
see how the designation overall is utilized year-to-year.
The CIP already has a formula for accumulating CIP funds in the annual budget process.
Request for Board Action:
Request the CAO and GSA to identify funds in the CIP fund that could be used for permanent
supportive housing. Consider identifying needs for permanent supportive housing as unfunded
infrastructure needs in the CIP.
Expand Deep Housing Subsidies to Residents with Justice-
Involvement and SMI/SUD (Recs. 7E & 7F)
Context:
For any economically disadvantaged families and individuals in Alameda County, maintaining
stable housing is a challenge. As of 2026, renters must earn $50.90/hour– nearly 3 times the
minimum wage in Oakland– to afford the average asking rent in Alameda County without
incurring a severe cost burden. In other words, low-wage workers must either secure and
maintain approximately 3 full-time minimum wage jobs, or choose to double up in a unit with
other renters in order to afford the rent in Alameda County. Residents at the intersection of SMI
and justice-involvement are disproportionately unemployed, underemployed, or in low-wage
jobs, intensifying the challenge of securing a market rate rental unit that they can afford. For
people fighting criminal cases, navigating diversion proceedings, or those with criminal records,
20 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
it is hard enough to secure one living-wage job and find a housing provider that truly adheres to
Fair Chance Housing laws.
Hence the importance of deep housing subsidies for the Care First target population: “deep
subsidies” are long-term rental subsidy programs that allow residents to pay a fixed percentage
(typically 30%) of their monthly income toward rent, while the subsidy program pays the landlord
or housing provider the rest. By working with a fixed percentage of the resident’s income, deep
subsidies effectively prevent vulnerable individuals and families from entering or reentering
homelessness, even in the face of economic hardship.
Within the often blurry diagnostic categories of SMI and SUD, there is still a vast spectrum of
acuity and a wide variety of housing needs: the highest-need individuals may require 24-hour
residential care; others may need supportive housing units with significant wraparound support
in order to maintain their stability; and many people navigating addiction and serious mental
illness are capable of living independently with the proper community-based supports (i.e.
therapy, outpatient treatment, holistic healing modalities). However, Alameda County’s
incredibly high housing costs and the systematic barriers to employment that come with a
criminal record compound to make stable housing inaccessible for many residents.
Recommendations 7E and 7F are specifically designed to ensure residents at the moderate and
lower ends of the spectrum of acuity– the often overlooked majority of the Care First target
population– can maintain stable housing and avoid the cycle of homelessness.
Progress:
Agency leaders within HCD have sought to estimate the number of Alameda County residents
who are 1) extremely low-income, 2) justice-involved, and/or 3) struggling with SMI/SUD;
current estimates from HCD indicate that the deep rental subsidies in recommendations 7E and
7F would be addressing an unmet need for anywhere from 2,000 to 5,000 households in
Alameda County.
Obstacles:
That being said, 2,000 to 5,000 households is an enormous range. HCD has estimated that
addressing the unmet need could cost the County anywhere from $50 million to $125 million.
Clearly, more precise and accurate estimates are needed.
H&H has not provided this committee with a dataset that cross-tabulates this specific set of
factors (poverty, justice involvement, serious behavioral health needs) to accurately estimate
the size of the Care First, Jails Last target population that is in need of housing subsidies.
Although this data is collected in the Homeless Management Information System (HMIS)
through the County’s Coordinated Entry System (CES), we have been informed that there are
obstacles to disaggregating this data and ensuring that individual identities are protected.
Further, much of the data collected during CES assessments is self-reported, making it likely
that instances of both justice-involvement and behavioral health issues are under-counted due
to social stigma and human error.
21 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Further, the Care First target population faces unique barriers within the Coordinated Entry
System due to the interplay of HUD homelessness guidelines and the court system. A prime
example: formerly homeless people who are incarcerated for 90+ days are no longer
considered homeless– because they are technically “housed” within the jail– and thus, lose their
priority status in the County’s housing queue. In practice, this makes it nearly impossible for
incarcerated individuals to be appropriately prioritized in the CES queue for deep rental
subsidies and other housing resources. At the same time, the latest Home Together Plan from
H&H has not included people with high behavioral health needs or who are justice-involved as
priority populations for housing assistance. The Care First population thereby remains
underserved and overlooked, despite being disproportionately vulnerable to homelessness.
Requests for Board Action:
We implore the County to fund additional research and data collection that would afford H&H
and HCD the ability to precisely assess and address unmet housing needs in Alameda County–
particularly within the population at the intersection of behavioral health issues and justice-
involvement.
We urge the Board to direct H&H’s Home Together program managers to identify and prioritize
people with SMI/SUD and justice-involved as beneficiaries of deep housing subsidies, and to
ensure that Home Together policies address the unique systemic barriers to housing access
that these populations face. This may require reshaping aspects of the Coordinated Entry
System to address the systemic exclusion of incarcerated people, or creating separate
pathways to long-term rental assistance that are available for residents incarcerated in Santa
Rita Jail.
Build and Support Licensed Board & Care Facilities (Rec. 7I)
Context:
Recommendations 7I and 7O call for the preservation, expansion, and long-term support of
Licensed Board and Care (LB&C) facilities as a critical component of Alameda County’s
behavioral health continuum of care. LB&Cs provide a level of supervised residential support
that differs from traditional permanent supportive housing and often serve individuals with
significant mental health and functional support needs who may not be able to live
independently. Although the ongoing costs of operating a high-quality LB&C are substantial,
these facilities serve residents with the most severe behavioral health needs– who otherwise
languish on the streets, decompensate in jail, or cycle through psychiatric hospitals and
subacute facilities, and incur far higher social and economic costs to the County over time. The
recommendations emphasize both maintaining existing capacity and expanding the availability
of licensed residential care options to meet community needs.
Progress:
22 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
1. Stakeholders reported growing recognition of the unique role Licensed Board and Care
facilities play within the County’s behavioral health system. There is increasing
awareness that LB&Cs provide services and levels of supervision that cannot be readily
replaced by traditional permanent supportive housing models.
2. State Community Care Expansion (CCE) funding has been distributed to support repairs
and improvements to existing Board and Care facilities, helping preserve current
residential capacity.
3. The Supportive Housing Community Land Alliance (SHCLA), currently the primary not-
for-profit entity pursuing the acquisition and development of Licensed Board and Care
facilities using a land trust model, has identified opportunities to develop additional LB&C
capacity, including a potential new Licensed Board and Care facility and a Board and
Care-like residential model emphasizing high-quality support for residents.
Obstacles:
1. Board and Care facilities often fall between existing policy and funding frameworks,
limiting the availability of dedicated resources and inhibiting long-term sustainability.
2. Low reimbursement rates and rising housing costs have led to a decline in LB&C
capacity, with a loss of 198 Licensed B&C beds since 2021. This is particularly
troublesome for LB&C operators serving residents with SMI. In 2023, LB&C operators
were reimbursed only $44 per day per resident with SMI, whereas they were reimbursed
$191-$391 per day per resident with intellectual/developmental disabilities. This disparity
makes it significantly less economically viable for operators to serve residents with SMI
and thus leads to steeper declines in LB&C availability for the Care First population.
3. Because LB&C facilities are categorized as residential facilities rather than housing
units, clients do not access LB&C beds through the County’s housing queue.
4. Alameda County currently lacks a comprehensive inventory of Licensed Board and Care
beds and has not completed a needs assessment to determine the appropriate level of
residential care capacity required to meet community demand.
5. While SHCLA was allocated “bridge funding” for FY 2026-27, the County removed its
commitment to The Union, originally slated to be a Licensed Board & Care, and the
allocation to SHCLA represents a 58% reduction in the county’s support to it,
significantly limiting its ability to expand capacity.
Request for Board Action:
1. Direct AC Health and H&H to pursue braided funding sources to increase support for
Licensed Board & Cares, potentially including BHSA funds for housing and/or services,
SSI client income, Measure W funds, and other sources for acquisition capital, services
or housing.
2. Conduct a comprehensive assessment on the current status and quality of the county’s
Licensed Board and Care facilities and crisis residential programs, as envisioned in the
original recommendation, to better understand current capacity; and conduct a needs
assessment to measure future demand for LB&Cs.
23 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
3. Support state-level policy and legislative efforts that would strengthen the financial
viability of Board and Care facilities– particularly for residents with SMI– and encourage
the development of additional licensed residential care options.
4. Provide funding and support necessary to stabilize SHCLA’s efforts to preserve and
expand Board and Care capacity.
Fund a Gap Analysis on Existing Mental Health Needs and Service
Gap (Rec. 8B)
Context:
Recommendations 4C, 4D, 4E, 7I, and 8B collectively recognize the need for a comprehensive
assessment of residential treatment and supportive housing capacity for individuals with serious
mental illness (SMI). These recommendations span multiple levels of care, including acute and
subacute treatment, crisis residential services, Board and Care facilities, and other community-
based residential settings. A recurring theme across the Care First recommendations is the
need to understand not only the availability of programs, but also the adequacy of the County’s
bed capacity to meet current and future demand.
Progress:
1. Needs assessments have been conducted for mobile crisis response (4C) and FSPs.
2. Multiple Care First recommendations have identified the need for a systemwide
assessment of residential bed capacity for individuals with SMI, reflecting broad
stakeholder recognition that housing and treatment infrastructure are foundational to
successful behavioral health reform.
3. Alameda County has secured state funding to support the expansion of certain
behavioral health treatment and residential care facilities, creating opportunities to
increase capacity in targeted areas of the continuum of care.
4. The County has access to expertise and technical assistance resources, at Indigo
Project and elsewhere, capable of conducting a comprehensive needs assessment to
evaluate existing capacity and estimate future demand across multiple residential
treatment settings.
Obstacles:
1. The current behavioral health residential care system lacks transparency and the overall
footprint of services available to individuals with the most significant behavioral health
needs remains difficult to quantify. Existing capacity may be insufficient, but the County
lacks the data necessary to fully assess the extent of unmet need.
2. Alameda County Behavioral Health has not completed a comprehensive analysis of the
need for subacute treatment beds or other key residential treatment resources, limiting
the County’s ability to make informed planning and investment decisions.
24 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Request for Board Action:
1. Commission a comprehensive behavioral health residential bed needs assessment to
estimate current and future demand across the continuum of care, including:
○ Subacute and acute treatment beds (Rec. 4D)
○ Crisis residential programs (Rec. 4E)
○ Board and Care facilities (Rec 7I)
○ Other residential and supportive housing models serving individuals with serious
mental illness (Rec 8B)
2. Ensure that the assessment compares existing capacity against indicators of need,
including jail populations, homelessness data, Department of State Hospitals utilization,
and other populations with significant behavioral health needs.
3. Identify which residential resources are restricted to specific populations, including
forensic populations, to better understand the availability of beds across the broader
system.
Funding Need: Approximately $100,000 is needed to support a contractor-led behavioral health
residential bed needs assessment and related planning activities.
Family Involvement Programs (Recs. 9A, 9B and 9C)
Context:
Recommendations 9A, 9B, and 9C focus on increasing family involvement in behavioral health
services through family navigation, family support, and family advisory services.
Progress:
It is currently unclear whether additional family navigator positions or family support services will
be added to support implementation of these recommendations.
Obstacles:
1. There is reluctance to expand family engagement efforts due to concerns about raising
family expectations when sufficient services and support may not be available.
2. Privacy and confidentiality requirements can significantly limit communication between
providers and family members when an individual has not signed the appropriate
releases of information. As a result, families are often unable to obtain information about
treatment, services, or care planning, making it difficult for them to support their loved
ones and effectively participate in the recovery process.
3. Planned reduction of Family Education Resource Center (FERC) services will further
reduce available resources.
4. Agencies are often unable to effectively support and engage family members while also
adhering to HIPAA and confidentiality requirements, thereby reducing capacity for care
coordination and familial support.
25 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Request for Board Action:
Request clarification of BHD regarding plans to implement Recommendations 9A, 9B, and 9C,
including whether family navigator, advisor, or support positions will be created after FERC
funding ends.
Monitor Utilization and Efficacy of the Unprecedented Expansion of
Treatment Beds
Context:
Through State grants (BHCIP, CCE, etc.), the county will significantly increase its treatment bed
capacity by 2028 throughout the continuum of behavioral health care:
● Crisis Residential Treatment Beds
● Crisis Stabilization Beds
● SUD Residential Treatment Beds
● Sobering Center Beds
● Adult Residential Treatment Beds
● Sub-Acute Treatment Beds
Request for Board Action:
● Transparent, public-facing, and accountable monitoring of how these new treatment
beds are utilized.
● Sustainable funding of necessary operating costs.
● Assessment of system impacts and expected reductions in incarceration and
institutionalization.
Data Needs for the Care First, Jails Last Process
Renew and Expand Contract for Data Analysis provided for Reimagine Adult Justice
The 2021 Care First resolution called for data to analyze and support treatment of people with
mental illness outside of Santa Rita Jail. The Reimagine Adult Justice (RAJ) initiative advanced
data and analysis of the jail population with work by Wendy Ware, but did not address mental
health.
The Santa Rita Jail data analysis has relied on the short-term funding commitment from a single
supervisor, Elisa Marquez, who continued the initiative for Reimagining Adult Justice pursued by
Supervisor Richard Valle, before his passing more than three years ago.
The Santa Rita Jail data analysis carried out by Wendy Ware and presented to the Board of
Supervisors in November 2024 advanced understanding of the times and reasons for jail
release, arrest trends, booking charges, differences in arrests between cities and law
enforcement agencies, length of jail stay by charged offense and size of bond requirements,
26 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
demographics of detainees, and racial and ethnic disparities. It drew upon wide consultation
with county agencies, and established a system for assessing the effects of pre-trial services
and releases. The analysis examined data through June 2024; this information has not been
updated since. Moreover, neither the RAJ initiative nor Wendy Ware’s work considered
behavioral health clients as a specific jail population, nor the effects on that population of
implementing RAJ recommendations.
The County has an opportunity to update and build upon this analysis to analyze options for
reducing the persistent number of people with significant mental illness in Santa Rita Jail (see
Overview) and to advance the goals of the Care First, Jails Last recommendations. Ms. Ware
demonstrated the value of bringing an analyst to this project who has a national perspective on
the roles of jails. Because she established the architecture and process for this analysis, we
expect it will not be a heavy lift for her to resume the work. It will, however, require collaboration
with the Behavioral Health Department, particularly to access data regarding behavioral health
clients while respecting HIPAA requirements.
Request for Board action: Support renewal of the contract with Wendy Ware for jail data
analysis, ensuring inclusion of data and analysis of people in Santa Rita with mental health
diagnoses. It is estimated that this jail data analysis will cost no more than $100k - $200k.
In addition, see the data needs identified in sections on Recommendation 6A (Transparent
Reporting on Funds), 8B (Funding Gap Analysis of Mental Health Bed Needs), 7E/7F (Deep
Rental Subsidies), and 7H (Independent Living Association).
Updates on Other Care First, Jails Last Recommendations
African American Wellness Hub (Recs. 1A & 1B)
Recommendation 1A calls for the creation and ongoing funding of an African American
Resource Center (The Center) that “provides information and culturally responsive services in
the areas of education, physical health(e.g., nutrition, meal services, and medical services
including psychiatric support, medication management, and individual and group therapy.
The County should develop an Advisory Committee with minimum 50% representation of
people with lived experience, including family members, with the goal of identifying
necessary services, culturally responsive resources, and to support the expansion and
dissemination of funds relative to the Center.”
Progress
In prior reports to the Board of Supervisors, the Ad Hoc Committee updates reflected
assurances that:
1. Funding has been set aside for demolition of the current building and for a rebuild at the
identical site. The property will be county owned and will include a hub of satellite services.
27 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
2. ACBH leadership has demonstrated a commitment to include psychiatry among the services
available in the Center in order that justice/system involved clients and others with psychiatric or
substance abuse issues will find both a therapeutic and psychiatric home. Confirmation of this
commitment is reflected now in the early architectural plans presented to the Center’s Advisory
Committee where four medical rooms have been specified.
3. An Advisory Committee was formed in December of 2025 under the direction of Dr. Clyde
Lewis, manager of the Office of Ethnic Relations. Dr. Tribble wrote in an April 2026 email that
“The AAWH Advisory Committee of approximately 13 members held 5 meetings some of which
were devoted to soliciting input for the AAWH building design… At present it has completed the
first phase of 5 meetings, in alignment with construction and planning efforts. The next phase of
committee meetings will be announced and resumed by the department in the future.”
Ongoing Discussion of Robust Caregiver Inclusion
Because explicit family member identification and participation were not observed during the
Zoom meetings, the Implementation Committee representative requested that the Advisory
Committee recruit self-identified family members willing to discuss care giving needs and
navigational/advocacy experiences. This is an important issue, particularly for family caregiver
stakeholders, who are an important though under-the-radar source of system feedback for those
clients unable to speak for themselves.
Forthcoming for Next Reporting Period: Anticipating Final Recommendations
1. The Director has expressed willingness to discuss the inclusion and recruitment of additional
self-disclosed family members who have navigational/advocacy experience with behavioral
health agencies.
2. It is anticipated that volunteers for this role may be recruited via family-caregiver focused non-
profits, voluntary associations in Alameda County, The office of family empowerment or word of
mouth.
3. At the conclusion of the CFJL Task Force in June of 2023, the existing HUB building was not
scheduled for demolition. A target date for the opening of the new building is currently publicized
for 2028, however demolition has not begun as of July, 2026.
4. A tentative timeline for the Center’s opening should be made public.
5. With the Center’s opening further out than anticipated, there should be interim services
phased in to begin meeting the behavioral health needs of a community bereft of them for more
than two decades.
6. It should be noted that there has been a stakeholder complaint regarding the absence of a
durable parking plan for the Center. Neither the old building or its new iteration include parking
in a congested commercial area. Rental of a church parking lot is the GSA solution, however,
the longevity of that solution should be assured.
28 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Independent Living Association (Rec. 7H)
“The term ‘independent living home’ is frequently used interchangeably with the term[s] ‘room
and board home’ [and ‘unlicensed board and care’ (UB&C)]. [Each term refers] to unlicensed
congregate living homes that are subject only to landlord-tenant laws.” (The Unseen Housing
Economy: a Road Map to the Independent Living Home Industry; Disability Rights California,
2025, “DRC”).
A UB&C tenant is often a person with serious mental illness living on fixed government disability
benefits. Operators of these homes, who may or may not own the property, live on-site.
According to DRC, “although many operators manage healthy homes…., a significant number of
homes provide housing that is uninhabitable, deplorable, and rife with exploitation.” DRC
maintains that tenants often resort to UB&Cs as the last viable housing option before
homelessness.
Based on a successful San Diego County model, the Independent Living Association of
Alameda County (ILA-AC) was established in 2017. It brought together county programs,
service providers, advocates, tenants, and, crucially, UB&C operators. It was designed to
provide information, share resources and services, solve problems, define best practices, and
develop mental health competency, among other things. Its overall goal was to “improve the
general living conditions of boarding homes housing many living with mental illness in
substandard and dangerous living conditions.” (Care First, Jails Last Final Report, p. 38)
“Defunded in December 2021, in November 2021 there were 17 active operators in the ILA-AC
with 33 quality member homes and 206 quality beds. These homes improved through annual
inspections, operator resources and training.” (Ibid.)
The 2026 Housing and Homelessness (H&H) Plan states that (H&H) is “currently examining
viability to implement“ Recommendation 7H. It further states that “H&H to identify additional data
needed and data collection plan.” Although “no additional staff are needed,” “additional funding
is needed.” Anticipated costs are estimated at $370K annually.
We offer no specific recommendations for Board action at this time.
However, it is our hope that H&H will a) continue to examine the viability of implementing
Recommendation 7H, and b) consider reviving ILA-AC in stages, focusing initially on staff-
intensive, operator-focused aspects of the former program that do not require new funding.
Additionally, H&H should pursue its stated intention to conduct, or contract to conduct, a needs
assessment to determine the current status of UB&Cs in Alameda County—at least insofar as
how many facilities exist and the number of persons with serious mental illness housed. The
assessment might be conducted in conjunction with the needs assessment regarding licensed
board and care facilities proposed elsewhere in this report.
29 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Care First, Jails Last
BHAB Ad Hoc Committee Members
Brian Bloom
BHAB Chair (District 4)
Terry Land
BHAB Vice Chair (District 1)
Juliet Leftwich
BHAB Member (District 5)
Viveca Bradley
Margot Dashiell
Alice Feller
Kari Malkki
Alison Monroe
Tash Nguyen
John Lindsay-Poland
Katy Polony
Myrna Schwartz
Kathleen Sikora
30 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Sources
County of Alameda Superior Court, “Quarterly Report Shows Pretrial Service Program Expansion
Exceeding Expectations,” July 8, 2026. https://www.alameda.courts.ca.gov/news/quarterly-report-
shows-pretrial-service-program-expansion-exceeding-expectations
Behavioral Health Department, March 25, 2025, “BHSA Updates: Early Intervention Transition
Process.” Presentation by Tracy Hazelton to the Adult Committee of the Alameda County Mental
Health Advisory Board. https://www.acbhcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/BHSA-Updates-Early-
Intervention-Transition-Process-March-25-2025.pdf. Accessed July 15, 2026.
Behavioral Health Department, March 17, 2025, BHCIP Application Updates.
https://www.acbhcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/BHCIP-Application-Updates.pdf. Accessed May
11, 2025.
Care First, Jails Last Task Force Final Report, June 30, 2024.
https://www.alamedacountycfjltaskforce.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Care-First-Jails-Last-
FINAL-Report.pdf Accessed July 15, 2026.
EPI-CAL Training and Technical Assistance Center, July 5, 2023, “Overview of EPI-CAL TTA.”
YouTube video. https://youtu.be/23MtXpzPgAc?si=xyTVeL4iRPtquFK_ Accessed July 15, 2026.
Indigo Project, June 2025, “Alameda County Full Service Partnership Assessment.”
https://bhcsproviders.acgov.org/providers/news/2025/FSP-Assessment-Report_20250707.pdf
Accessed July 15, 2026.
Krasa, Holly B., et. al. January 2026. “National and State Societal Costs of Schizophrenia in the US
in 2024.” JAMA Psychiatry. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12853289 Accessed July 15,
2026.
Mental Health Services Oversight and Accountability Commission, January 25, 2023, “Report to the
Legislature on Full Service Partnerships.” https://bhsoac.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/SB-465-Report-
to-the-Legislature_approved_ADA.pdf. Accessed May 9, 2025
Public Consulting Group, July 2023, “Alameda County Board and Care Assessment.” Prepared for
Alameda County Health Care Services Agency.
Radigan, Marleen, et. al. "A new method for estimating incidence of first psychotic diagnosis in a
Medicaid population." Psychiatric Services 70, no. 8 (2019): 665-673.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31138057/ Accessed July 15, 2026.
Sheriff’s Office Detention and Corrections documents: https://www.alamedasheriff.gov/about-
us/public-documents/-folder-20#docfold_756_82_115_20 Accessed July 15, 2026.
31 BHAB Care First, Jails Last ad hoc Subcommittee
Report to Alameda County Board of Supervisors, July 2026
Supportive Community Land Alliance, July 15, 2024, “Housing as Healthcare: SHCLA’s Role in the
Production of Licensed Residential Facilities and Family Participation in the Affordable Behavioral
Housing Continuum.” Presentation to Alameda County Mental Health Advisory Board.
https://www.acbhcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Housing-as-HealthCare-Presentation-July-
2024.pdf Accessed July 15, 2026.
Wagner, James, “Behavioral Health Continuum Infrastructure Program (BHCIP), the Department of
State Hospitals (DSH), and Bridge Housing Awards” March 17, 2025. Presentation to the Alameda
Mental Health Advisory Board. https://www.acbhcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/BHCIP-and-
State-Hospital-Awards-Presentation-March-2025.pdf. Accessed July 15, 2026.