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Convening a Community of Care to Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis
Alameda County Health Care for the Homeless Program (ACHCH) and the roles of Health Center-County-and-Community Emergency Coordination
David Modersbach ACHCH; Sabrina Fuentes ACHCH CCAB/HIV Education and Prevention Project of Alameda County (HEPPAC), ACHCH Staff
Convene and Communicate:
Alameda County Homeless Services Providers COVID-
19 Community Call
March 13, 2020: ACHCH convened what
turned out to be first of two+ years of
weekly COVID Community Calls:An AM call for shelter and
congregate housing providers;a PM call for outreach and
street providers. Each call includes up to 100 participants from
over 130 different agencies, including community providers,
advocates and volunteers. Early calls served to unite providers
who were able to share fears of unknown, share experiences
& build community, trust, and common purpose.
Written Guidance
Create webpage, compile guidance, update frequently
March 10 2020-present: We listened and responded to the
questions raised by providers in weekly meetings.
Kudos to Seattle King County
from whose great work we all
borrowed liberally –
You’re the best!
HCH Health Center READINESS
HCH Health Center READINESS
Persistent Precarity and Everyday Disasters
Based on our roles in previous emergency responses, when
COVID-19 began, ACHCH leveraged existing trusted
relationships with a wide variety of community providers,
and supplies stockpiled for wildfire
disasters to support an immediate
response.This build upon work
ACHCH shared in a 2019 NHCHC
national conference workshop.
Distribute Supplies
ACHCH converted meeting rooms into a Supplies Center for
open distribution of needed supplies to hundreds of shelter
and outreach partners
March 2020-present: ACHCH accessed and distributed
needed supplies widely to homeless providers, who in turn
created regional informal distribution networks. ACHCH was
able to support this effort through administrative staff
pivoting to perform stock and supplies distribution roles. As a
result, our community distributed tens of thousands of hand
sanitizer, surgical masks, N95, thermometers, gowns, face
shields, gloves, wipes, pulse oximeters, etc. Providers felt a
strong sense of relief and support
having these essential resources.
Crucial support was provided by
Direct Relief and Americares programs
& County Emergency Operations Center.
Isolation and Quarantine (I&Q)hotel
service delivery model
ACHCH staff worked to develop I&Q hotel capacity
March 2020: ACHCH staff worked with county partners to
help develop innovative I&Q hotel system geared towards
the needs of people experiencing homelessness.ACHCH
pharmacist created innovative supports for people with
alcohol or opiate dependencies.
Isolation and Quarantine
Develop I&Q Policies and Procedures Handbook
April 2020: ACHCH staff worked with local and national
providers to develop comprehensive I&Q policies and
procedures and a handbook. This handbook was shared
nationally and used by countless localities across the
country.
Rapid Response
ACHCH adopted a one-suspected-case threshold for
initiating Rapid Response, in shelter and street settings
May 2020-Present: Early on, ACHCH decided to carry out
a “one-suspected-case” trigger for a rapid response to
outbreaks in shelters. We constantly updated
community providers on our response protocols and
outbreak status in weekly meetings. This is still the
ACHCH outbreak definition. To date, ACHCH has led 450
Rapid Responses, with testing, tracing, and surveillance,
at 340 shelters and 110 street sites, in coordination with
shelter, provider, outreach and public health partners.
Environmental Scan
ACHCH developed & shared a Google Form for community
and County providers to assess outbreak settings
April 2020-March 2021: Environmental Scan was a shared
document that dozens of community,
outreach, Street Health and City staff used to clearly
understand the settings of street-based
COVID outbreaks (without PHI) and coor-
dinate outreach, meals, water, tents,
and hygiene supplies (port-a-potty and wash station) to
support people who opted to isolate/quarantine in place.
Training to Build Community Skills
ACHCH led regular online trainings for community providers.
September 2020-present: ACHCH identified topics with
community input, and scheduled monthly skills-building
trainings, using HRSA COVID funds to bring trainers and experts
to lead community providers through a variety of topics. Many
topics were “non-COVID” to reduce burnout and increase space
for community learning on topics such as harm reduction,
trauma informed care and anti-racism practices
Support CDC Encampment Guidance
Preventing further spread of COVID among unsheltered
ACHCH played roles mediating community concerns around
encampment sweeps during COVID outbreaks, to ensure that
CDC guidelines were respected, working with advocates, Cities
and County to provide housing, testing and support for camp
residents threatened with sweeps.
Initiate Vaccination Efforts
Prioritize homeless services providers in rollout
December 2020-February 2021:With the first
release of COVID-19 vaccine in Dec 2020, ACHCH
advocated for shelter and outreach providers to
be deemed “essential health workers” to access
vaccines. We were able to quickly vaccinate over
1000 frontline providers. Providers felt immediate support
and in turn demonstrated their vaccine-willingness to the
clients they served.
Community Care Vaccination Sites
Easy-Access regular vaccine/testing
March 2021-present: In addition to providing regular, on-site
vaccinations at shelter and congregate
homeless settings, ACHCH establishes a fixed
schedule of Community Care sites which are
supported by partnering community providers
and are easily accessible for people in nearby
camps and shelter locations.
OMICRON SURGE!
All-hands-on-deck to maintain a containment vs. mitigation
strategy.
January 2022: The huge surge of Omicron tested our ability to
“contain” infections through providing I&Q for everyone who
was infected, symptomatic or close contact. I&Q leads were
able to expand to over 400 beds, ACHCH had daily contact with
dozens of shelters and outreach providers and had twice-daily
huddles with I&Q, public health, and ACHCH leads to monitor
and strategize. In the end we did NOT have to leave shelter
providers to deal alone with the surge, which occurred in most
localities nationwide.
Distribution of Rapid Home Test Kits
ACHCH distributed over 100,000 rapid test kits to 113 shelter
and services sites between January-February 2022
December-February 2022: ACHCH procured rapid test kits
through HRSA and large regional health system donations
(Stanford Health), trained community providers on their use,
used our community distribution network to quickly ensure
that all shelter, congregate setting and outreach providers had
access to sufficient test kits on an ongoing basis. This enabled
ACHCH to stop providing testing and focus on vaccinations and
shelter environments and health.
Readiness and Initial Response Isolation and Quarantine Testing and Rapid Response Sustain Community Response
Isolation and Quarantine
Train and Fully Involve Community Partners for Referral
April 2020: ACHCH staff developed online trainings and
materials to ensure that 300+ community organizations
could quickly refer homeless COVID+ or symptomatic
persons to I&Q hotels to limit transmission of disease.
Shelter Decompression and Safer Ground
ACHCH worked with shelter providers to decompress
and identify high-risk residents
April 2020: ACHCH led street outreach providers in
identifying and communicating with high-risk
street/encampment residents to refer into Safer Ground
hotels.We led shelter providers in identifying high-risk
shelter residents, testing and “airlifting” some 500
persons to Safer Ground within a few days. To date over
2400 people have utilized Safer Ground housing.
Street-based Water and Encampment Supplies distribution
Community providers able to access bottled water, tents,
food and hygiene supplies
April 2020-present: ACHCH convened a community of
providers to access bottled water (initially Americares-
provided), solar chargers and tents (Direct Relief) World
Central Kitchen meals, supplies including PPE and hygiene
supplies, and city-provided port-a-potties.
Street Response Mapping Project:
ACHCH and networks of community outreach providers to
map encampments and needs
March-September 2020: ACHCH convenes mapping
project with daily input of formal and informal outreach
providers throughout County. This helped to
coordinate outreach efforts, assess
needs at sites, and reduce duplication
of efforts. More than 200 encampment
sites were mapped and updated
regularly. This map was not shared
with enforcement officials.
Recovery and Readiness
Honor Our Heroes
GG Greenhouse Community Hero Awards
December 2020-present:It is critical to acknowledge
individual heroes that make our community efforts
successful. Beginning Winter 2020, ACHCH honored
heroes selected by the community in the name of
GG Greenhouse, one of the founders of ACHCH and
the National Health Care for the Homeless Council.
Flu Vaccination Campaign
Working with community providers to avoid Double Trouble
October 2020-21: Based on our earlier role in Hepatitis A
outbreak response, ACHCH leveraged trusting relationships
and communication with a wide variety of community
providers to carry out successful flu vaccination efforts in
shelters and street settings in Fall/Winter of 2020 and 2021.
Hire/Train Vaccine Ambassadors
People with lived experience play a huge role in improving
Vaccine uptake
February 2022-Present: ACHCH participates in NHCHC
/CDC/NAACHO Vaccine Ambassador program, hiring and
training four people with lived experience to join ACHCH team
and provide direct information and support to people in
shelters and streets who are considering whether or not to
vaccinate.
Anti-Viral COVID Treatment
ACHCH led Test-to-Treat among homeless community and
providers
February 2022-present: ACHCH procured supplies of HRSA
antiviral COVID treatment and ensured that Test-to-Treat
procedures were made available to outreach, testing, shelter
and I&Q providers. We trained community providers in TTT and
supported creation of community-wide TTT protocols.
ACHCH would like to salute all of our community partners who worked successfully to protect and support the thousands of people experiencing homelessness throughout Alameda County during the COVID pandemic of 2020-2022:
HIV Education and Prevention Program of Alameda County HEPPAC, 2 de Febrero, Abode Services, Alameda County Network of Mental Health Clients, Alameda Health System, Alameda Point Collaborative, Bay Area Legal Aid, Bay Area Community Health, Bay Area Community Services, Berkeley Food & Housing Project, Berkeley Free Clinic, Berkeley Mental Health, Berkeley Outreach Coalition, Building Futures for Women and Children, Building Opportunities for Self-Sufficiency , C.U.R.A.,Inc., CAL-PEP, Cardea Health, CAREavan Program,
City of Fremont, Cities of Alameda, Albany, Oakland, Berkeley, Emeryville, Fremont, Hayward, Union City, Livermore, Newark, San Leandro, Pleasanton, Dublin, CityServe Tri-Valley, City Team Ministries, Covenant House, Dine and Connect, Dorothy Day House, East Oakland Collective, East Oakland Community Project, East Bay Community Law Center, El Chante, Family Bridges, Feed My Sheep, FESCO, First Presbyterian, Five Keys, Fred Finch, Global Communications Services GCEA, Hayward St Vincent de Paul, Homebase, Homeless Action
Center, House of Prayer Everywhere Urban Missions Outreach, Harrison Alter MD, Horizons Inc., Housing Consortium of the East Bay, Lake Merritt Lodge, La Familia, Lifelong Medical Care, Love and Justice in the Streets, Manna, Melissa Moore, Men of Valor, Men/Women on the Way, NEED, Oakland Catholic Worker, Oakland HAWG, Off the Street Ministries, Office of Homeless Care and Coordination Housing Support Program, Operation Dignity, Operation Dignity , Project Pride, Punks With Lunch, ROOTS Community Health, Ruby's Place,
Salvation Army Emergency Family Emergency Shelter, SAVE, Second Chance Recovery, Seventh Step Foundation Inc., Shiloh Domestic Violence Shelter, South Hayward Parish, Street Level Health Project,St. Mary's Center, St. Vincent de Paul Oakland, Swords to Ploughshares, Talia Rubin, The Village, Tiburcio Vasquez Health Center, Tri-Valley Haven, Turning Point and Rising Oaks, Umoja Health, Unity Within the Community, Village of Love, Volunteers of America, Women's Daytime Drop in Center, Youth Spirit Artworks, YEAH
Isolation and Quarantine Hotels
Involve Community Partners
April 2020: Community providers reviewed and improved
I&Q FAQs and info materials for people referred to I&Q.
Harm Reduction providers HEPPAC set up naloxone and OD
prevention kiosks and supplies throughout hotels. County
AC3 “Fellows” with lived experience provided contact and
support services to folks in Safer Ground hotels to reduce
isolation.
Rapid Response COVID Testing Team
ACHCH/Public Health Testing Teams provided PCR testing
to any site with outbreaks or high risk
July 2020-March 2022: With HRSA COVID funding, ACHCH
was able to create teams to carry out outbreak response
and surveillance testing, providing over 15,000 tests to
people and staff in shelter and street settings.
Improving Shelter Environments
Efforts to improve ventilation, infection control and healthier
built environments at homeless congregate sites.
April 2022 -ACHCH earmarked HRSA COVID/Capital
Improvement funds to partner with Alameda County Public
Health and Healthy Homes Department to develop toolkits,
training and on-site assessments for shelters. ACHCH will
provide HEPA air filter machines, recommendations and
resources towards improving shelter environments.
ACHCH Health Center READINESS
Building Climate and Community Resilience
ACHCH will maintain our close trusted relationships with
community providers through regular meetings, trainings,
advocacy and efforts to better prepare and respond to the
inevitable disasters and emergencies we face in times of
climate and COVID-19 uncertainty.
Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy
Partnering with community providers listen and learn
May 2021-Present: ACHCH carried out focus groups and
dedicated a lot of time in our weekly meetings to listen to
people experiencing homelessness to listen and learn about
vaccine hesitancy. Our Consumer/Community
Advisory Board produced valuable input around
key issues such as low-barrier access, choice of
vaccine, education, and incentives, which have
become standards in ACHCH vaccination efforts.
Regional Homeless Coordination
ACHCH Regional Coordinators
December 2020-present:ACHCH was able to
bring on highly-skilled providers to serve
as Regional Coordinators in five zones of
Alameda County, to serve as leads to shelter,
outreach, city and homeless services providers in their areas.
They built effective communication and trust
between community and the ACHCH program and County.
Partnering to Support People at Risk
Resources and Partnerships to protect the broader
community
ACHCH partnerships extended beyond homeless
provider networks. We partnered in many comm
unity-wide efforts and initiatives to support pop-
ulations such as people exiting criminal justice,
immigrant/day laborer, substance users, and Black & African-
American communities in Oakland.
Homeless Health Centers are uniquely situated to lead effective regional disaster/emergency response to protect and meet the needs of people experiencing homelessness.HCH providers can serve to bridge gaps between shelter & services providers, community members, advocates,
patients and vulnerable populations with health department, City, County, State and Federal responders, building trust and developing innovative networks for delivery of care, guidance and supplies, while supporting the strengths and resilience of homeless providers and people experiencing
homelessness.Of critical importance is development of trusted relationships, and a sense of collective effort that includes all members of the continuum of clients and community services providers. These trusting relationships are not “planned” --they emerge from ongoing efforts and
engagement in response to the persistent precarity and everyday disasters that confront people experiencing homelessness.
In this poster Alameda County HCH traces the development of our collective COVID-19 response in Alameda County.Alongside the curve of cases over the last two years, we highlight some of the key elements of ACHCH’s work in partnership with local government and community partners.
Vaccination Efforts
I&Q and Safer Ground as Housing
Demonstrate effectiveness of I&Q and COVID Safer
Ground Housing as a way of ending homelessness
June 2020-Present: ACHCH staff frequently shared the
successes seen in our I&Q and Safer Ground COVID hotels.
To date 1,400 formerly homeless residents have left Safer
Ground hotels into permanent housing, and providers
have celebrated these successes with us along the way.
Chronology of Alameda County Homeless COVID Cases Among People Experiencing Homelessness by Week/Month 2020-2022
International Seafarers Vaccination
ACHCH partners with community providers to vaccinate
international seafarers for fun
July 2021: Local advocates and unions informed ACHCH that
international seafarers at Port of Oakland
found it impossible to get vaccinated. We took
our services on board their ships to provide
vaccinations, and helped other ports initiate
seafarer vaccinations.