HomeMy WebLinkAboutmpcah-indicators-table-2025African
American/
Black
American Indian
Alaska Native Asian
Pacific
Islander
Hispanic/
Latina/o/x/e White Multiracial
1 Total Population NA 2022 39,149,809 1,706,734 158,423 4,789 565,129 13,358 396,496 467,417 90,456 2 Number of Live Births NA 2022 419,214 16,598 1,335 24 5,781 132 4,747 3,705 4993Birth Rate (per 1,000 population)NA 2022 10.7/1000 9.7/1000 8.4 5.0 10.2 9.9 12.0 7.9 5.54Fertility Rate (per 1,000 females 15-44 yrs)NA 2020-2022 51.3/1000 48.2/1000 43.3 23.5 49.1 50.1 51.6 45.8 30.45Teen Birth Rate (per 1,000 females ages 15-19 years)31.4 or fewer 2020-2022 9.8/1000 6.0/1000 (310 per yr)9.0 13.6*0.4 9.2 14.4 1.6 2.06Singleton Low Birth Weight Births (%)9.4% or less 2020-2022 7.4%ii 6.1% (1,011 per yr)10.2 7.8*7.0 6.6 5.2 4.3 5.87Singleton Very Low Birth Weight Births (%)1.4% or lessi 2020-2022 1.1%ii 0.8% (132 per yr)1.6 ―0.7 ―0.9 0.5 0.98Singleton Preterm Births (%)9.4% or less 2020-2022 9.1%ii 7.2% (1,190 per yr)9.4 16.9*7.3 10.1 7.6 5.7 6.59Singleton Very Preterm Births (%)1.5% or lessi 2020-2022 2.3%ii 1.0% (160 per yr)1.6 ―0.8 ―1.1 0.7 ―10 Medi-Cal Births (%)NA 2020-2022 40.1%iii 20.7% (3,503 per yr)39.9 37.1 6.5 26.3 41.2 11.3 14.5
11 Births to First-Time Mothers (%)NA 2022 39.7%45.7% (7,575)42.5 50.0*51.0 35.6 38.0 47.5 50.3
12 Births to non US-Born Mothers (%)NA 2022 32.7%48.9% (8,087)20.2 ―75.5 26.5 51.5 25.5 8.4
13 Infant Death Rate (per 1,000 live births)5.0 or fewer 2019-2021 4.1/1000 3.4/1000 (60 per yr)8.9 5.5*2.6 7.6*2.8 2.7 8.5
14 Fetal Death Rate (per 1,000 births + Fetal Deaths)5.7 or fewer 2018-2020 5.3/1000 4.5/1000 (80 per yr)8.1 6.1*3.3 8.0*4.7 3.8 4.4*
15 SIDS/SUIDS Death Rate (per 100,000 live births)500 or fewer 2019-2021 50.7/100,000 43.9/100,000 (8 per yr)167.7*―19.4*―43.3*49.4*101.3*
16 First Trimester Entry into Prenatal Care (%)80.5% or more 2022 86.3%89.3% (14,115)83.5 83.3 94.0 75.6 84.7 91.1 88.2
17 Adequate/Adequate Plus Prenatal Care 80.5% or more 2022 73.4%62.7% (10,403)61.8 58.3 65.6 49.2 61.0 61.2 58.9
18 Any Diabetes at Delivery (per 100 deliveries)NA 2021-2023 13.2%16.9% (2,726 per yr)12.9 16.8 22.2 26.6 16.5 9.3 13.7
19 Any Hypertension at Delivery (per 100 deliveries)NA 2021-2023 17.2%19.2% (3,097 per yr)30.3 17.6 14.6 26.0 20.0 20.8 23.1
20 Severe Maternal Morbidity (per 10,000 deliveries)61.8/10,000 2021-2023 110.4/10,000 136.5/10,000 (220/yr)224.1 103.9*103.0 215.7 152.3 120.4 139.921Low Risk C-Section (per 100 live births)23.6% or less 2020-2022 24.6%23.7% (1,624 per yr)27.6 ―25.1 24.3 20.5 23.9 22.222Women Infants and Children (WIC) Recipients (%) NA 2022 42.2%23.9% (3,936)41.0 48.7*7.3 27.9 50.5 11.3 15.523Received CalFresh (food stamps) during pregnancy NA 2019-2021 18.9%12.5%34.0 32.9*5.2#―19.6 8.4 ―24 Food Insecurity During Pregnancy 6.0% or less 2019-2021 19.4%15.5%34.4 34.6*9.4#―29.9 9.8*―25 Healthy Weight Before Pregnancy 47.1% or more 2020-2022 43.2%48.5% (7,242 per yr)34.1 30.9 62.5 15.4 30.4 53.9 45.126Excessive Weight Gain During Pregnancy (%)NA 2020-2022 43.7%39.0% (5,609 per yr)50.1 50.0 30.3 60.3 43.3 41.5 46.927Prenatal Depressive Symptoms NA 2019-2021 14.7%15.3%29.3 11.4*15.8#―14.0 11.0 ―28 Postpartum Depressive Symptoms NA 2019-2021 13.5%12.0%15.2 24.6*12.1#―13.6 8.6 ―29 Often Experienced Racism Over Lifetime NA 2019-2021 11.7%16.6%53.7 ―12.2#―20.2 4.2*―30 Post Partum Birth Control Use (%)65.1% or more 2019-2021 79.2%71.7%71.1 71.9*60.8#―85.5 75.7 ―31 Unintended Pregnancies (%)36.5% or less 2016-2018 39.7%35.1%59.1 ―23.0#―50.8 26.6*―32 Short Interpregnancy (<18 months) Interval (%)26.9% or less 2020-2022 26.5%22.4%23.4 33.3 19.3 39.1 19.4 28.5 27.733Exclusively Breastfed Newborn in Hospital (%)NA 2020-2022 69.2%78.3%71.0 85.7 79.2 55.1 74.3 84.7 79.8
34 Exclusive Breastfeeding Infant 3 months (%)42.4% or more 2019-2021 32.0%36.8%33.9 21.2*42.1#―29.9 42.2 ―
35 Any Breastfeeding Infant 3 months (%)NA 2019-2021 70.8%83.7%70.8 66.0*91.2#―77.0 85.8 ―
36 Placed Infant on Back to Sleep (%)88.9% or more 2019-2021 86.0%88.9%79.5 90.9*89.0#―89.5 91.5 ―
37 Infant Always/Often Shared Bed (%)NA 2019-2021 28.9%28.6%47.4 41.4*26.4#―33.0 16.7 ―
38 Women ages 15-44 years Living in Poverty (%)8.0% or less 2017-2021 14.0%10.7%19.4 24.5 8.2 15.0 12.4 8.6 11.3
39 Birthing Women with Less Than a High School Education (%) 9.3% or less 2019-2021 14.8%6.8%7.6 19.3 11.4 14.7 26.5 3.4 10.8
40 Uninsured Women Pre-pregnancy (%)8.6% or less 2019-2021 10.1%7.2%8.6*5.0*4.6#―13.9 4.2 ―
41 Women on Medi-Cal, Pre-pregnancy (%)NA 2019-2021 36.1%23.3%46.1 51.1*14.6#―38.0 11.8 ―
42 Women Reporting No Postpartum Medical Visit (%)NA 2019-2021 11.7%10.7%16.0 21.7*8.2#―13.8 10.2 ―
43 Children Under 0-17 Years Living in Poverty (%)NA 2018-2022 15.6%9.4%23.3 9.8 4.5 18.6 13.7 5.1 7.9
44 Infants on Public Insurance (%)NA 2019-2021 48.3%30.9%61.0 59.8*17.6#―54.5 16.1 ―
Prepared by Elaine Bautista, CAPE and MPCAH Units, Alameda County Public Health Department, May, 2025. Contact at (510) 267-8020 or elaine.bautista@acgov.org with questions.See page 2. for MPCAH indicator definitions and data sources.
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Alameda County Rates by Race/Ethnicity of Mom/Person Giving Birth
Alameda County (count)
Healthy
People 2030
Objective Year
Alameda County Public Health Department, Maternal, Paternal, Child, and Adolescent Health.
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Race/Ethnicity Descriptions for Birth and Death data. Note: refer to other data sources for their race/ethnicity definitions.
Black/African Americans are babies born to Black non-Hispanic mothers.
American Indians are babies born to American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut non-Hispanic mothers.
Asians are babies born to Asian non-Hispanic Mothers.
Pacific Islanders are babies born to Hawaiian, Guamian, Samoan, or other Pacific Islander non-Hispanic mothers.
Hispanic/Latina/o/x/e/s are babies born to Hispanic/Latina/o/x/e mothers of any race with Mexican, Chicano, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central/South American, or other Spanish/Hispanic ethnicity.
Whites are babies born to White non-Hispanic mothers.
Multiracial babies are born to non-Hispanic mothers of more than one race.
Interpretation
Statistics highlighted in red are those race/ethnic groups that have the most inequitable measures/outcomes.
Technical Notes
― Rates not displayed because of low incidence (counts below 11 are excluded), not available, or not applicable .
* California rate is displayed because of low incidence or data not available at the Alameda County level.
# Category includes Asians, Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (API) combined.i. Healthy People 2020 Objective.ii. California rate is overestimated because it includes singleton and multiple births.iii. California rate is from birth certificate rather than hospital discharge data, therefore it may be underestimated.
Definitions
Birth Rate (BR): Number of total births per 1,000 population.
Fertility Rate: Number of births to mothers 14-44 years per 1,000 population females 15-44 years of age.
Teen Birth Rate (TBR): Number of births to 15-19 year old mothers per 1,000 population females 15-19 years of age.
Singleton Low Birth Weight Births: Number births <2,500g/number live births. We focus on singleton births because multiple births (twins, triplets) are often premature and low birth weight.Singleton Very Low Birth Weight Births: Number births <1,500g/number live births. We focus on singleton births because multiple births (twins, triplets) are often premature and low birth weight.
Singleton Preterm Births: Number births <37 weeks gestation/ number live births. We focus on singleton births because multiple births (twins, triplets) are often premature and low birth weight.
Singleton Very Preterm Births: Number births <32 weeks gestation/ number live births. We focus on singleton births because multiple births (twins, triplets) are often premature and low birth weight.
Medi-Cal Births: Births where Medi-Cal was indicated as payer source for delivery.
Births to First-Time Mothers: Births to women with no previous children.Births to non US born Mothers: Births to women not born in the US. Birth Certificate data does not include the number of years the mother has been living in the United States.
Infant Death Rate (IMR): Number of deaths of children <1 year of age per 1,000 live births.
SIDS/SUIDS Death Rate: Number of deaths from Sudden Unexplained or Infant Death Syndrome per 1,000 births (ICD-10 Mortality Codes: W75, R95, R99)First Trimester Entry into Prenatal Care: Pregnant women who began prenatal care within the first three months of their pregnancy.
Women Infants and Children (WIC) Recipients: Percentage births where the mother participated in the Women Infants and Children (WIC) program Received CalFresh: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who recevied Food stamps or California Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) during pregnancy.
Healthy Weight pre-pregnancy: Percent of women who were not overweight or obese based on BMI from reported pre-pregnancy weight
Post Partum Birth Control Use: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who indicated that the woman or husband/partner was doing something at the time of the survey to keep from getting pregnant.
Short Interpregnancy Interval: Percentage of mothers giving birth to a child less than 18 months after giving birth to previous child.
Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who always or often felt down, depressed hopeless or had little interest or pleasure in doing things usually enjoyed during in the postpartum period.
Often Experienced Racism Over Lifetime: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who reported often/always to the following statement, overall during your life until now, have you been discriminated again, prevented from doing something, or hassled or
Unintended Pregnancies: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who indicated that their pregnancy is a pregnancy that was either mistimed or unwanted. Mistimed pregnancy occurs when a woman did not want to become pregnant at the time the
pregnancy occurred, but does want to become pregnant at some point in the future. Unwanted pregnancy occurs when woman did not want to become pregnant then or at any time in the future.
Any Diabetes at Delivery: Diabetes diagnoses during pregnancy or delivery per 1,000 live birth deliveries.
Food Insecurity: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who reported experiencing food insecurity during pregnancy.
Excessive Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Percentage of mothers who gained weight above recommended amount during their pregnancy. Weight gain during pregnancy is the difference between an individual’s weight at delivery and prepregnancy weight.
Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is based on the National Academy of Medicine, previously the Institute of Medicine (IOM), guidelines for recommended weight gain during pregnancy (limited to full-term, singleton births) that are specific to an
individual’s prepregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI).
Prenatal Depressive Symptoms: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who always or often felt down, depressed hopeless or had little interest or pleasure in doing things usually enjoyed during their pregnancy.
Low Risk C-section: Percentage Primary C-section during full-term (not premature) singleton delivery.
Any Hypertension at Delivery: Hypertension diagnoses during pregnancy or delivery per 1,000 live birth deliveries.
Severe Maternal Morbidity (SMM): Number of unexpected and potentially life-threatening complications from labor and delivery that result in significant short- or long-term health consequences. SMM includes 20 indicators that represent either serious
complications of pregnancy or delivery, like sepsis or acute renal failure, or procedures used to manage serious conditions, such as ventilation or hysterectomy. The SMM rate is the number of conditions/complications per 10,000 live birth deliveries.
Rate: A rate is a measure of a health event in a specific population over a set time period. For example, the Alameda County (AC) birth rate is the number of live births over the total AC population per 1,000 residents or 10.7 per 1,000 residents. Rates are
used to compare populations of different sizes or over different time periods, for example comparing different races/ethnicities or ages.
Percentage: A percentage or prevalence is a proportion of total events over the total population that can be affected at a given point in time. Percentages are used to compare populations of different sizes for example comparing different
Count: A count or frequency is the actual number of events or cases at a given point in time. Counts are used to look at the magnitude of the health event within a population.
Fetal Death Rate: Number of fetal deaths at 20 or more weeks gestation per 1,000 live births + fetal deaths.
Alameda County is missing race/ethnicity data for 2.3% of all births in 2022.
Adequate/Adequate Plus Prenatal Care Utilization Index (APNCU), also known as the Kotelchuck Index, uses two crucial elements obtained from birth certificate data-when prenatal care began (initiation) and the number of prenatal visits from prenatal
care initiation until delivery. APNCU is a ratio of observed to expected visits and is considered adequate when it is 80% or greater. The Kotelchuck Index does not measure the quality of prenatal care.
Exclusively Breastfed Newborn in Hospital: Pregnant women who exclusively breastfed newborn in hospital after birth.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Infant 3 months: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who reported they fed their infant only breast milk (no supplementation with formula, other liquids or food) for at least three months after delivery.
Any Breastfeeding Infant 3 months: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who reported they fed their infant breast milk for at least three months after delivery with or without supplementing with formula.
Placed Infant on Back to Sleep: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who reported they put their baby down to sleep on his or her back most of the time.
Infant Always/Often Shared Bed: Percentage of MIHA survey respondents who reported their infant always or often slept in the same bed with mother or someone else.
Women ages 15 -44 years living in poverty: Percentage of females between 15 and 44 years of age living at or below 100% poverty level for whom poverty status can be determined.
Women Ages 18-44 Years with Less Than a High School Education: Percentage of females 18 to 44 years of age whose highest level of education was less than high school diploma or GED for whom educational attainment could be determined.
Uninsured Women Ages 15 years or older: Percentage of females 15 years or older of age who had no health insurance coverage in the previous 12 months for whom health insurance status could be determined.
Women on Public Insurance 15 years or older pre-pregnancy: Percentage of females ages 15 years or older who have insurance through Medi-Cal
Women Reporting No Postpartum Visit: Percentage females who did not have a medical visit after giving birth.
Children 0-17 years living in poverty: Percentage of children 0-17 years of age living at or below 100% poverty level for whom poverty status can be determined.
Infants on Public Insurance: Percentage of infants who have insurance covered through Medi-Cal.
Data Sources
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Surveyr California Populations and ACPHD CAPE, derived from ESRI demographic data for Alaameda County Populations. (1)(38)
Alameda County Vital Statistics Files: Births, Fetal Deaths, and Deaths (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(22)
California Department of Public Health. Maternal and Child Health State and County Dashboards. (21)(25)(26)(32)(33)(34)(35)(43)Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (MIHA) Alameda County and California Dashboards. (23)(24) (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(36)(37)(39)(40)(41)(42)(44)Data Prepared by: California Department of Public Health, Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Division, Epidemiology, Surveillance and Federal Reporting Section. (18)(19)(20)
Healthy People 2030 Objectives were obtained from the Healthy People 2030 website